Which type of roof is characterized by a single sloping surface?

The type of roof characterized by a single sloping surface is the shed roof. Shed roofs feature a simple, minimalist design consisting of one plane that rises from one edge to another, allowing for efficient water drainage and straightforward construction. This design is often used in various types of buildings, especially in modern architecture and sheds, due to its cost-effectiveness and ease of construction.

In contrast, a hip roof has slopes on all four sides, which converge at a top ridge. A gambrel roof, commonly seen in barn designs, consists of two slopes on each side, creating a distinctive shape. The mansard roof is characterized by two slopes on each side, with the lower slope being steeper than the upper one. All these styles feature multiple surfaces or angles, unlike the shed roof, making the shed roof a unique and straightforward option for construction.